Singapore froze new data-centre development in 2019 and now rations it by allocation. The result is 2% vacancy — among the tightest markets anywhere — and 650 MW of capacity that cannot grow to meet demand.
The demand did not disappear. It moved thirty kilometres north. Johor now carries 1,400 MW, and Malaysia leads all of Southeast Asia with over 6 GW in its pipeline and 1,039 MW under construction. Batam, in Indonesia, is running the same play from the south.
This is what a siting constraint actually does: it relocates load across a border rather than reducing it. Read the Irish, Dutch and Singaporean restrictions together and the pattern is consistent — each has produced a neighbour's boom, and none has reduced the total.