What the atlas shows

• One building in Eindhoven gates every advanced chip — ASML and the EUV lithography chokepoint: 100% of EUV lithography, one supplier.
• Every AI chip queues at the same doors — TSMC's share of global chip foundry revenue: 72.5% of foundry revenue, one company.
• The bottleneck isn't the GPU. It's the memory beside it — SK hynix and the HBM memory bottleneck: 56.4% of Q1 2026 HBM revenue, one supplier.
• Nvidia's real moat isn't silicon, it's software — Nvidia's AI accelerator market share and CUDA: ~86% of accelerator revenue, late 2025.
• Japan makes the things nobody can substitute — Japan's semiconductor materials chokepoint: #3 Japan, Silicon control basis.
• Three firms decide how fast the world gets power — Gas turbine supply for AI data centres: ~2/3 of gas plants under construction, top three OEMs.
• The four-year wait nobody priced in: transformers — Transformer lead times and the power grid bottleneck: 3–4 yrs lead time on a large power transformer, from about one.
• Your American data centre was built in Taiwan — Taiwan's AI server makers: Foxconn, Quanta, Wistron: #1 vs #25 Taiwan: ownership vs physical, Systems.
• One Virginia county outbuilds whole continents — Northern Virginia data centre capacity: 4,497 MW Northern Virginia inventory, H1 2026.
• China built a second internet and told nobody — China's data centre capacity and national computing hubs: 31.9 GW installed Chinese capacity, 2024.
• Ireland's data centres out-consume its cities — Ireland's data centre electricity consumption: 23% of Irish metered electricity, 2025.
• The queue to plug in is longer than the grid itself — The US grid interconnection queue and data centres: 2,061 GW waiting in the US interconnection queue.
• Singapore said no. Malaysia said yes, 30 km away — Singapore's data centre moratorium and the rise of Johor: 1,400 MW Johor, across the strait from Singapore.
• Nearly half of this map does not exist yet — Announced versus operating AI data centre capacity: 45% of tracked capacity is not yet operating.
• Europe's data centres are running south for power — Europe's FLAP-D data centre markets shifting south: 72.5 MW delivered in Paris, H1 2026.
• One Asian market has space nobody wants — Hong Kong data centre vacancy: 18% Hong Kong vacancy, Q1 2026.
• A continent's compute runs through one city — Sao Paulo and Latin American data centre capacity: 537 MW São Paulo, the region's largest.

The buildout by tier

• Silicon — Chip foundry, EUV lithography and advanced packaging.
• Memory & Storage — HBM, DRAM, NAND and enterprise storage.
• Networking — Optics, switch silicon and AI cluster interconnect.
• Systems & Facility — AI servers, racks, cooling and facility power.
• Power & Grid — Electricity, gas turbines, transformers and grid connection.

By country

• United States — 176 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• China — 104 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• Japan — 19 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• Germany — 9 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• Ireland — 7.7 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• United Kingdom — 7.5 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• India — 6.5 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• Singapore — 6 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• South Korea — 6 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• France — 5.4 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• Australia — 5 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• Canada — 4 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• Netherlands — 3.8 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• Malaysia — 3.5 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• Taiwan — 3 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• Spain — 2.4 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• South Africa — 2.4 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• Italy — 2.2 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• Brazil — 2 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• Sweden — 2 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• Denmark — 1.8 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• Hong Kong — 1.6 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• UAE — 1.5 TWh of data-centre electricity.
• Norway — 1.4 TWh of data-centre electricity.

All 33 countries · All insights · Download the data